An Analysis of Existence of Localization for the Implementation of Triplization in Higher Education Pakistan at Policy and Practice Level
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26710/reads.v5i1.566Keywords:
Triplization, Localization, Higher education, Decentralization, Local collaboration, Indigenous culture.Abstract
Policymakers and academe around the globe are deeply concerned about maximizing benefits of localized aspect of higher education for the development of an individual local community. Considering benefits of localization in higher education, this study examined the existence of localization for the implementation of triplization at policy and practice level. With problem statement in alignment of the aims of National Education Policy Pakistan 2009, this research study is particularly aimed to analyze present state of higher education in Pakistan in terms of focus on local networking, technological, economic, social, political, cultural, and learning localization, decentralization to the local site level, indigenous culture, community needs and expectations, local involvement, collaboration and support, local relevance and legitimacy, community-based needs and characteristics, social norms and ethos as the key characteristics of localization referred to by Cheng in his theory of triplization. A mixed method exploratory approach was acquired to meet the objectives of the study. Sample of the study were policy and provision documents for the content analysis and 1429 students and 140 faculty members from 15 universities of Punjab and KPK as the respondents of survey. Findings at both policy and practices in aspects of HE revealed an agreement on the presence of localization at the institutional process level; localization of curriculum reflected inadequacy in policies whereas practices too, reflect an average level presence; localization of student and learning occurred in policies and practices at above average level whereas localized teacher and teaching aspect is catered to some extent in policies and provisions and precise average presence is responded by survey respondents.
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