The Determinants of Female Child Labour in Pakistan: The Case of Multan City
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26710/reads.v2i1.121Keywords:
Determinants, Female Child Labour, Per-Capita income, Family sizeAbstract
The ever-rising danger of child labour has created several problems in
Pakistan. The purpose of this study is to find out those determinants which
affect the female child labour in Multan and also identify some new
determinants which affect the incidence of the child labour. Data has been
collected for 200 female labourers, employed as maidservants, baby sitters
and other household activities. The results of the study show that female
child labour decreases due to increase in schools, assets, per-capita income,
transfer payments, education and number of employed members in a family
while on the other hand; large family size increases the female child labour.
On the basis of the econometric analysis, we may suggest that government
officers, media experts, members of non-government organizations and
educationists should make serious and sincere efforts to achieve the
objective of decreasing the incidence of female child labour and develop
their living situations.
References
Ali, G. (2011). Economic Factors responsible for Child labor (A Case study of DistrictSwabi). Journal of Managerial Sciences, 5(1).
Ali, K., & Hamid, A. (1999).Major Determinants of Female Child Labour in Urban Multan(Punjab-Pakistan). Department of Economics, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan.Processed.
Basu, K., Das, S., & Dutta, B. (2010). Child labor and household wealth: Theory andempirical evidence of an inverted-U. Journal of Development Economics, 91(1), 8-14.
Beegle, K., Dehejia, R. H., & Gatti, R. (2003). Child labor, income shocks, and access tocredit.World Bank, Development Research Group, Poverty Team and InvestmentClimate.
Canagarajah, S., & Nielsen, H. S. (2001). Child labor in Africa: A comparativestudy. The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 575(1),71-91.
Chakrabarty, S., Grote, U., & Luchters, G. (2011). Does social labelling encourage childschooling and discourage child labour in Nepal? International Journal of EducationalDevelopment, 31(5), 489-495.
Grootaert, C., & Kanbur, R. (1995). Child labour: an economic perspective. Int'l Lab.
Rev., 134, 187.
Mehta. M. N., Prabhu, S. V. & Mistry, H. N. (1985) Child labour in Bombay.Child Abuseand Neglect, 9, 107–111.
Okpukpara, B. C., & Odurukwu, N. (2003). Incidence and Determinants of Child Labourin Nigeria: Implications for Poverty Alleviation. African Journal of Economic
Policy, 10(1), 133-162.
Pasha, G. R., Iqbal, M., & Farooq, S. K. (2001).Facts and factors about the destiny ofworking and escaped children in Punjab (Pakistan). Pakistan Economic and Social
Review, 1-24.
Patrinos, H. A., & Psacharopoulos, G. (1995).Educational performance and child laborin Paraguay. International Journal of Educational Development, 15(1), 47-60.
Raja, Chand. (1983).Child labour: An explanatory study of fifty children working in autoworkshops. Lahore: Department of Social Work, University of the Punjab.
Rickey.L, (2009).The determinants of child labour and schooling in the Philippines.
Southern Economic Journal .70(4).
